Carbon Accumulation, Flux, and Fate in Stordalen Mire, a Permafrost Peatland in Transition

Holmes, M. E.; Crill, P. M.; Burnett, W. C.; McCalley, C. K.; Wilson, R. M.; Frolking, S.; Chang, K. ‐Y.; Riley, W. J.; Varner, R. K.; Hodgkins, S. B.; McNichol, A. P.; Saleska, S. R.; Rich, V. I.; Chanton, J. P.

doi:10.1029/2021GB007113

Title: Carbon Accumulation, Flux, and Fate in Stordalen Mire, a Permafrost Peatland in Transition

Journal Article · Fri Jan 14 00:00:00 EST 2022 · Global Biogeochemical Cycles

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GB007113· OSTI ID:1842354

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Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science Florida State University Tallahassee FL USA, Now at Science and Math Division Tallahassee Community College Tallahassee FL USA
Department of Geological Sciences and Bolin Centre for Climate Research Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science Florida State University Tallahassee FL USA
Thomas H. Gosnell School of Life Sciences Rochester Institute of Technology Rochester NY USA
Earth Systems Research Center Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans and Space and Department of Earth Sciences University of New Hampshire Durham NH USA
Climate and Ecosystem Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA USA
Department of Microbiology The Ohio State University Columbus OH USA
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Woods Hole MA USA
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Arizona Tucson AZ USA
Department of Microbiology The Ohio State University Columbus OH USA, Department of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences University of Arizona Tucson AZ USA

Abstract Stordalen Mire is a peatland in the discontinuous permafrost zone in arctic Sweden that exhibits a habitat gradient from permafrost palsa, to Sphagnum bog underlain by permafrost, to Eriophorum ‐dominated fully thawed fen. We used three independent approaches to evaluate the annual, multi‐decadal, and millennial apparent carbon accumulation rates (aCAR) across this gradient: seven years of direct semi‐continuous measurement of CO ₂ and CH ₄ exchange, and 21 core profiles for ²¹⁰ Pb and ¹⁴ C peat dating. Year‐round chamber measurements indicated net carbon balance of −13 ± 8, −49 ± 15, and −91 ± 43 g C m ⁻² y ⁻¹ for the years 2012–2018 in palsa, bog, and fen, respectively. Methane emission offset 2%, 7%, and 17% of the CO ₂ uptake rate across this gradient. Recent aCAR indicates higher C accumulation rates in surface peats in the palsa and bog compared to current CO ₂ fluxes, but these assessments are more similar in the fen. aCAR increased from low millennial‐scale levels (17–29 g C m ⁻² y ⁻¹ ) to moderate aCAR of the past century (72–81 g C m ⁻² y ⁻¹ ) to higher recent aCAR of 90–147 g C m ⁻² y ⁻¹ . Recent permafrost collapse, greater inundation and vegetation response has made the landscape a stronger CO ₂ sink, but this CO ₂ sink is increasingly offset by rising CH ₄ emissions, dominated by modern carbon as determined by ¹⁴ C. The higher CH ₄ emissions result in higher net CO _{2‐equivalent} emissions, indicating that radiative forcing of this mire and similar permafrost ecosystems will exert a warming influence on future climate.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: DE‐SC0004632; DE‐SC0010580

OSTI ID:: 1842354

Journal Information:: Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Journal Name: Global Biogeochemical Cycles Vol. 36 Journal Issue: 1; ISSN 0886-6236

Publisher:: American Geophysical Union (AGU)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Journal Article · Mon Dec 06 00:00:00 EST 2021 · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. A, Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences · OSTI ID:1842354

Varner, Ruth K.; Crill, Patrick M.; Frolking, Steve; +6 more

Title: Carbon Accumulation, Flux, and Fate in Stordalen Mire, a Permafrost Peatland in Transition

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