Early Holocene cold snaps and their expression in the moraine record of the eastern European Alps

Braumann, Sandra M.; Schaefer, Joerg M.; Neuhuber, Stephanie M.; Lüthgens, Christopher; Hidy, Alan J.; Fiebig, Markus

doi:10.5194/cp-17-2451-2021

Title: Early Holocene cold snaps and their expression in the moraine record of the eastern European Alps

Journal Article · Thu Dec 02 00:00:00 EST 2021 · Climate of the Past (Online)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-2451-2021· OSTI ID:1834484

^[1];

^[2]; Neuhuber, Stephanie M. ^[3]; Lüthgens, Christopher ^[3]; Hidy, Alan J. ^[4]; Fiebig, Markus ^[3]

Univ. of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Vienna (Austria); Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States). Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory
Columbia Univ., New York, NY (United States). Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory
Univ. of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Vienna (Austria)
Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Glaciers preserve climate variations in their geological and geomorphological records, which makes them prime candidates for climate reconstructions. Investigating the glacier–climate system over the past millennia is particularly relevant first because the amplitude and frequency of natural climate variability during the Holocene provides the climatic context against which modern, human-induced climate change must be assessed. Second, the transition from the last glacial to the current interglacial promises important insights into the climate system during warming, which is of particular interest with respect to ongoing climate change. Evidence of stable ice margin positions that record cooling during the past 12 kyr are preserved in two glaciated valleys of the Silvretta Massif in the eastern European Alps, the Jamtal (JAM) and the Laraintal (LAR). We mapped and dated moraines in these catchments including historical ridges using beryllium-10 surface exposure dating (10Be SED) techniques and correlate resulting moraine formation intervals with climate proxy records to evaluate the spatial and temporal scale of these cold phases. The new geochronologies indicate the formation of moraines during the early Holocene (EH), ca. 11.0 ± 0.7 ka (n = 19). Boulder ages along historical moraines (n = 6) suggest at least two glacier advances during the Little Ice Age (LIA; ca. 1250–1850 CE) around 1300 CE and in the second half of the 18th century. An earlier advance to the same position may have occurred around 500 CE. The Jamtal and Laraintal moraine chronologies provide evidence that millennial-scale EH warming was superimposed by centennial-scale cooling. The timing of EH moraine formation coincides with brief temperature drops identified in local and regional paleoproxy records, most prominently with the Preboreal Oscillation (PBO) and is consistent with moraine deposition in other catchments in the European Alps and in the Arctic region. This consistency points to cooling beyond the local scale and therefore a regional or even hemispheric climate driver. Freshwater input sourced from the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS), which changed circulation patterns in the North Atlantic, is a plausible explanation for EH cooling and moraine formation in the Nordic region and in Europe.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); National Science Foundation (NSF); Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW); Austrian Marshall Plan Foundation

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344; NSF-1853881; 24709; ICM-2018-11638; 967116921 222019

OSTI ID:: 1834484

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL-821951; 1034136

Journal Information:: Climate of the Past (Online), Vol. 17, Issue 6; ISSN 1814-9332

Publisher:: Copernicus Publications, EGUCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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