Discovering exact, gauge-invariant, local energy-momentum conservation laws for the electromagnetic gyrokinetic system by high-order field theory on heterogeneous manifolds

Fan, Peifeng; Qin, Hong; Xiao, Jianyuan

doi:10.1088/2058-6272/ac18ba

Title: Discovering exact, gauge-invariant, local energy-momentum conservation laws for the electromagnetic gyrokinetic system by high-order field theory on heterogeneous manifolds

Journal Article · Wed Jul 28 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Plasma Science and Technology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-6272/ac18ba· OSTI ID:1814589

^[1]; Qin, Hong ^[2]; Xiao, Jianyuan ^[3]

Shenzhen Univ. (China). College of Physics and Optoelectric Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectric Devices and Systems; Shenzhen Univ. (China). Advanced Energy Research Center
Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)
Univ. of Science and Technology of China, Hefei (China). School of Nuclear Science and Technology

Gyrokinetic theory is arguably the most important tool for numerical studies of transport physics in magnetized plasmas. However, exact local energy-momentum conservation laws for the electromagnetic gyrokinetic system have not been found despite the continuous effort. Without such local conservation laws, energy and momentum can be instantaneously transported across spacetime, which is unphysical and casts doubt on the validity of numerical simulations based on the gyrokinetic theory. The standard Noether procedure for deriving conservation laws from corresponding symmetries does not apply to gyrokinetic systems because the gyrocenters and electromagnetic fields reside on different manifolds. To overcome this difficulty, we develop a high-order field theory on heterogeneous manifolds for classical particle-field systems and apply it to derive exact, local conservation laws, in particular the energy-momentum conservation laws, for the electromagnetic gyrokinetic system. A weak Euler-Lagrange equation is established to replace the standard Euler-Lagrange equation for the particles. It is discovered that an induced weak Euler-Lagrange current enters the local conservation laws. And it is the new physics captured by the high-order field theory on heterogeneous manifolds. A recently developed gauge-symmetrization method for high-order electromagnetic field theories using the electromagnetic displacement-potential tensor is applied to render the derived energy-momentum conservation laws electromagnetic gauge-invariant.

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Research Organization:: Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: Shenzhen Clean Energy Research Institute; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-09CH11466; 2016YFA0400601; 2016YFA0400600; 2016YFA0400602; 201806340074; NSFC-11805273; NSFC-11905220; NSFC-12005141; 2018YFE0304100

OSTI ID:: 1814589

Journal Information:: Plasma Science and Technology, Vol. 23, Issue 10; ISSN 1009-0630

Publisher:: IOPScienceCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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