Alteration in micro-mechanical characteristics of wellbore cement fracture surfaces due to fluid exposure

Anwar, Ishtiaque; Hatambeigi, Mahya; Chojnicki, Kirsten; Taha, Mahmoud Reda; Stormont, John C.

doi:10.1016/j.petrol.2021.108935

Title: Alteration in micro-mechanical characteristics of wellbore cement fracture surfaces due to fluid exposure

Journal Article · Wed May 19 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2021.108935· OSTI ID:1787514

Anwar, Ishtiaque ^[1];

^[1]; Chojnicki, Kirsten ^[2];

^[1]; Stormont, John C. ^[1]

Univ. of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM (United States)
Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

The stiffness of wellbore cement fracture surfaces was measured after exposing to the advective flow of nitrogen, silicone oil, and medium sweet dead crude oil for different exposure periods. The test specimens were extracted from fractured cement cylinders, where the cement fracture surfaces were exposed to the different fluids up to 15 weeks. A nanoindenter with a Berkovich indenter tip was used to measure load-indentation depth data, which was used to extract the elastic modulus (E) and nano-hardness (H) of the cement fracture surfaces. A reduction in the elastic modulus compared with an unexposed specimen were observed in all the specimens. Both elastic modulus and nano-hardness for the specimens exposed to silicone oil were lower than specimens exposed to nitrogen gas and varied with the period of exposure. The elastic modulus and nano-hardness of the specimens exposed to crude oil were the lowest with a significant decrement with the exposure period. The frequency distribution of the nanoindentation measurements shows that the volume-fraction ratio of the two types of cement hydrated nanocomposites for both the unexposed and test specimens is about 70:30%. Phase transformation beneath the indenter is observed for all of the specimens, with more obvious plastic deformation in specimens exposed to crude oil. Analytical measurements (SEM, EDS, FT-IR, and XRD) on exposed cement fracture surfaces reveal different levels of physical and chemical alteration that are consistent with the reduction in stiffness measured by nanoindentation. Furthermore, the study suggests that cement stiffness will decrease due to crude oil exposure, and the fracture will be sensitive to stress and pore pressure with time.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

View Accepted Manuscript (Publisher)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC04-94AL85000; NA0003525; SAND2021- 5728J

OSTI ID:: 1787514

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1817230

Report Number(s):: SAND-2021-5728J; 696122

Journal Information:: Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, Vol. 205; ISSN 0920-4105

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (45)

Experimental study of the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) of model rock-filled concrete (RFC) Xie, Yuetao; Corr, David J.; Jin, Feng Cement and Concrete Composites, Vol. 55 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2014.09.002	journal	January 2015
Nanomechanical and chemical characterization of the interface between concrete, glass–ceramic bonding enamel and reinforcing steel Allison, P. G.; Moser, R. D.; Weiss, C. A. Construction and Building Materials, Vol. 37 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.07.066	journal	December 2012
Statistical Indentation Techniques for Hydrated Nanocomposites: Concrete, Bone, and Shale Ulm, Franz-Josef; Vandamme, Matthieu; Bobko, Chris Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 90, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2007.02012.x	journal	September 2007
Application of nanoindentation testing to study of the interfacial transition zone in steel fiber reinforced mortar Wang, Xiao Hui; Jacobsen, Stefan; He, Jian Ying Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 39, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2009.05.002	journal	August 2009
Chemical structure of cement aged at normal and elevated temperatures and pressures Le Saout, Gwenn; Lécolier, Eric; Rivereau, Alain Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 36, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.09.018	journal	January 2006
Observations of microcracking in cement paste upon drying and rewetting by environmental scanning electron microscopy Kjellsen, Knut O.; Jennings, Hamlin M. Advanced Cement Based Materials, Vol. 3, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1065-7355(96)90065-6	journal	January 1996
Spectroscopic and theoretical characterization of linear centrosymmetric N≡N⋅⋅H+⋅⋅N≡N Verdes, Dorinel; Linnartz, Harold; Maier, John P. The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 111, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.480181	journal	November 1999
Amorphization and Conductivity of Silicon and Germanium Induced by Indentation Clarke, D. R.; Kroll, M. C.; Kirchner, P. D. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 60, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.60.2156	journal	May 1988
Nanoscale mechanical properties of concrete containing blast furnace slag and fly ash before and after thermal damage Zanjani Zadeh, Vahid; Bobko, Christopher P. Cement and Concrete Composites, Vol. 37 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2012.09.003	journal	March 2013
Effect of Poisson’s ratio on material property characterization by nanoindentation with a cylindrical flat-tip indenter Hu, Zhong; Hassan, Md Mehadi Journal of Materials Research, Vol. 34, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2019.160	journal	May 2019
Comparative Study of the Effects of Microsilica and Nanosilica in Concrete Mondal, Paramita; Shah, Surendra P.; Marks, Laurence D. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, Vol. 2141, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3141/2141-02	journal	January 2010
On the use of nanoindentation for cementitious materials Constantinides, G.; Ulm, F. -J.; Van Vliet, K. Materials and Structures, Vol. 36, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02479557	journal	April 2003
Nanoindentation studies of materials Schuh, Christopher A. Materials Today, Vol. 9, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1369-7021(06)71495-X	journal	May 2006
Oil and gas wells and their integrity: Implications for shale and unconventional resource exploitation Davies, Richard J.; Almond, Sam; Ward, Robert S. Marine and Petroleum Geology, Vol. 56 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2014.03.001	journal	September 2014
Mechanical and hydraulic coupling in cement–caprock interfaces exposed to carbonated brine Walsh, Stuart D. C.; Mason, Harris E.; Du Frane, Wyatt L. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Vol. 25 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2014.04.001	journal	June 2014
Review of integrity of existing wells in relation to CO2 geological storage: What do we know? Zhang, Min; Bachu, Stefan International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Vol. 5, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2010.11.006	journal	July 2011
Well integrity: An overlooked source of risk and liability for underground natural gas storage. Lessons learned from incidents in the USA Miyazaki, Brent Geological Society, London, Special Publications, Vol. 313, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1144/SP313.11	journal	January 2009
A model for two types of calcium silicate hydrate in the microstructure of Portland cement pastes Tennis, Paul D.; Jennings, Hamlin M. Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 30, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(00)00257-X	journal	June 2000
Estimation of the degree of hydration of blended cement pastes by a scanning electron microscope point-counting procedure Feng, X.; Garboczi, E. J.; Bentz, D. P. Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 34, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.01.014	journal	October 2004
An NMR, XRD and EDS study of solidification/stabilization of chromium with Portland cement and C3S Lin, Chiou-Kuo; Chen, Jong-Nan; Lin, Cheng-Chong Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol. 56, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3894(97)00032-0	journal	September 1997
An improved technique for determining hardness and elastic modulus using load and displacement sensing indentation experiments Oliver, W. C.; Pharr, G. M. Journal of Materials Research, Vol. 7, Issue 06, p. 1564-1583 https://doi.org/10.1557/JMR.1992.1564	journal	June 1992
Solubility/Molecular Structure Relationships of Asphaltenes in Polar and Nonpolar Media Buenrostro-Gonzalez, E.; Andersen, S. I.; Garcia-Martinez, J. A. Energy & Fuels, Vol. 16, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1021/ef0102317	journal	March 2002
Effect of phase transformations on the shape of the unloading curve in the nanoindentation of silicon Domnich, Vladislav; Gogotsi, Yury; Dub, Sergey Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 76, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.126300	journal	April 2000
Nanoindentation approach characterizing strain rate sensitivity of compressive response of asphalt concrete Katsuki, Daisuke; Gutierrez, Marte Acta Geotechnica, Vol. 9, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11440-013-0269-9	journal	October 2013
Property investigation of calcium–silicate–hydrate (C–S–H) gel in cementitious composites Hu, Chuanlin; Han, Yunge; Gao, Yueyi Materials Characterization, Vol. 95 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2014.06.012	journal	September 2014
Characterization of cement from a well at Teapot Dome Oil Field: Implications for geological sequestration Scherer, George W.; Kutchko, Barbara; Thaulow, Niels International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Vol. 5, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2010.06.010	journal	January 2011
Determining cement composition by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Hughes, Trevor L.; Methven, Claire M.; Jones, Timothy G. J. Advanced Cement Based Materials, Vol. 2, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/1065-7355(94)00031-X	journal	May 1995
Permeability of Wellbore-Cement Fractures Following Degradation by Carbonated Brine Walsh, Stuart D. C.; Du Frane, Wyatt L.; Mason, Harris E. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, Vol. 46, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-012-0336-9	journal	December 2012
Critical aspects of nano-indentation technique in application to hardened cement paste Davydov, D.; Jirásek, M.; Kopecký, L. Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 41, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2010.09.001	journal	January 2011
Indentation hardness and semiconductor–metal transition of germanium and silicon Gerk, Alvin P.; Tabor, David Nature, Vol. 271, Issue 5647 https://doi.org/10.1038/271732a0	journal	February 1978
Scanning electron microscopy imaging of hydraulic cement microstructure Stutzman, Paul Cement and Concrete Composites, Vol. 26, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2004.02.043	journal	November 2004
Analysis and performance of oil well cement with 30 years of CO2 exposure from the SACROC Unit, West Texas, USA Carey, J. William; Wigand, Marcus; Chipera, Steve J. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Vol. 1, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1750-5836(06)00004-1	journal	April 2007
Degradation of oilwell cement due to exposure to carbonated brine Duguid, Andrew; Scherer, George W. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Vol. 4, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2009.11.001	journal	May 2010
An XPS and SEM/EDS characterization of leaching effects on lead- and zinc-doped portland cement Cocke, David L.; Mollah, M. Yousuf A.; Parga, J. R. Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol. 30, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3894(92)87076-R	journal	March 1992
Characterization of wellbore casing corrosion product as a permeable porous medium Anwar, Ishtiaque; Chojnicki, Kirsten; Bettin, Giorgia Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, Vol. 180 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2019.05.087	journal	September 2019
Short-term creep of cement paste during nanoindentation Jones, Christopher A.; Grasley, Zachary C. Cement and Concrete Composites, Vol. 33, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2010.09.016	journal	January 2011
Nanosilica effects on composition and silicate polymerization in hardened cement paste cured under high temperature and pressure Kim, Jung J.; Rahman, Muhammad K.; Al-Majed, Abdulaziz A. Cement and Concrete Composites, Vol. 43 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2013.07.002	journal	October 2013
Model for the Developing Microstructure in Portland Cement Pastes Jennings, Hamlin M.; Tennis, Paul D. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 77, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1994.tb04565.x	journal	December 1994
Microstructure of a Type G Oil Well Cement-Nanosilica Blend Griffin, Andrew; Kim, Jung J.; Rahman, Muhammad K. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, Vol. 27, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0001124	journal	May 2015
Micro-mechanical properties of cement paste measured by depth-sensing nanoindentation: a preliminary correlation of physical properties with phase type Hughes, John J.; Trtik, Pavel Materials Characterization, Vol. 53, Issue 2-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2004.08.014	journal	November 2004
Characterization of Impact Damage in Ultra-High Performance Concrete Using Spatially Correlated Nanoindentation/SEM/EDX Moser, R. D.; Allison, P. G.; Chandler, M. Q. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, Vol. 22, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-013-0668-y	journal	August 2013
A model for the microstructure of calcium silicate hydrate in cement paste Jennings, Hamlin M. Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 30, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(99)00209-4	journal	January 2000
The effect of two types of C-S-H on the elasticity of cement-based materials: Results from nanoindentation and micromechanical modeling Constantinides, Georgios; Ulm, Franz-Josef Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 34, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(03)00230-8	journal	January 2004
Nanoindentation characteristics of cement with different mineral admixtures He, ZhiHai; Qian, ChunXiang; Zhang, Yi Science China Technological Sciences, Vol. 56, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11431-013-5186-5	journal	March 2013
On the dislocation mechanism of amorphization of Si by indentation Suprijadi, M. Tachi; Arai, S.; Saka, H. Philosophical Magazine Letters, Vol. 82, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1080/095008302317262633	journal	March 2002

Similar Records

Microstructural Characterization of FeCrAl C26M Tubes

Technical Report · Tue Aug 07 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · OSTI ID:1787514

Gigax, Jonathan Gregory; Weaver, Jordan S.; Li, Nan

Inaccuracies in Sneddon`s solution for elastic indentation by a rigid cone and their implications for nanoindentation data analysis

Conference · Wed May 01 00:00:00 EDT 1996 · OSTI ID:1787514

Bolshakov, A; Pharr, G M

An experimental evaluation of the constant beta relating the contact stiffness to the contact area in nanoindentation

Journal Article · Sun Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 2006 · Philosophical Magazine A · OSTI ID:1787514

Strader, Jeremy H.; Shim, Sanghoon; Bei, Hongbin; +2 more

Related Subjects

42 ENGINEERING
Nanoindentation
Wellbore cement
Micro-mechanical properties
Fluid exposure
Crude oil

Title: Alteration in micro-mechanical characteristics of wellbore cement fracture surfaces due to fluid exposure

Citation Formats

References (45)

Similar Records

Related Subjects