Rainforest-to-pasture conversion stimulates soil methanogenesis across the Brazilian Amazon

Kroeger, Marie E.; Meredith, Laura K.; Meyer, Kyle M.; Webster, Kevin D.; de Camargo, Plinio Barbosa; de Souza, Leandro Fonseca; Tsai, Siu Mui; van Haren, Joost; Saleska, Scott; Bohannan, Brendan J. M.; Mazza Rodrigues, Jorge L.; Berenguer, Erika; Barlow, Jos; Nüsslein, Klaus

doi:10.1038/s41396-020-00804-x

Title: Rainforest-to-pasture conversion stimulates soil methanogenesis across the Brazilian Amazon

Journal Article · Tue Oct 20 00:00:00 EDT 2020 · The ISME Journal

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-020-00804-x· OSTI ID:1735899

^[1];

^[2];

^[3]; Webster, Kevin D. ^[4]; de Camargo, Plinio Barbosa ^[5];

^[5];

^[5]; van Haren, Joost ^[2]; Saleska, Scott ^[2]; Bohannan, Brendan J. M. ^[6];

^[7]; Berenguer, Erika ^[8]; Barlow, Jos ^[9];

^[10]

Univ. of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA (United States); Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States)
Univ. of Oregon, Eugene, OR (United States); Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
Planetary Science Inst., Tucson, AZ (United States)
Univ. of Sao Paulo (Brazil)
Univ. of Oregon, Eugene, OR (United States)
Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States)
Lancaster Univ., Bailrigg (United Kingdom); Univ. of Oxford (United Kingdom)
Lancaster Univ., Bailrigg (United Kingdom)
Univ. of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA (United States)

The Amazon rainforest is a biodiversity hotspot and large terrestrial carbon sink threatened by agricultural conversion. Rainforest-to-pasture conversion stimulates the release of methane, a potent greenhouse gas. The biotic methane cycle is driven by microorganisms; therefore, this study focused on active methane-cycling microorganisms and their functions across land-use types. We collected intact soil cores from three land use types (primary rainforest, pasture, and secondary rainforest) of two geographically distinct areas of the Brazilian Amazon (Santarém, Pará and Ariquemes, Rondônia) and performed DNA stable-isotope probing coupled with metagenomics to identify the active methanotrophs and methanogens. At both locations, we observed a significant change in the composition of the isotope-labeled methane-cycling microbial community across land use types, specifically an increase in the abundance and diversity of active methanogens in pastures. We conclude that a significant increase in the abundance and activity of methanogens in pasture soils could drive increased soil methane emissions. Furthermore, we found that secondary rainforests had decreased methanogenic activity similar to primary rainforests, and thus a potential to recover as methane sinks, making it conceivable for forest restoration to offset greenhouse gas emissions in the tropics. These findings are critical for informing land management practices and global tropical rainforest conservation.

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Research Organization:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC); USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); National Science Foundation (NSF); USDA; North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC)

Grant/Contract Number:: 89233218CNA000001; AC02-44205CH11231; DEB 1442183; 2009-447 35319-05186; NE/K016431/1

OSTI ID:: 1735899

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-20-22388

Journal Information:: The ISME Journal, Vol. 15, Issue 3; ISSN 1751-7362

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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