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Title: Analysis of a preQ1-I riboswitch in effector-free and bound states reveals a metabolite-programmed nucleobase-stacking spine that controls gene regulation

Journal Article · · Nucleic Acids Research
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkaa546· OSTI ID:1635308

Riboswitches are structured RNA motifs that recognize metabolites to alter the conformations of downstream sequences, leading to gene regulation. To investigate this molecular framework, we determined crystal structures of a preQ1-I riboswitch in effector-free and bound states at 2.00 Å and 2.65 Å-resolution. Both pseudoknots exhibited the elusive L2 loop, which displayed distinct conformations. Conversely, the Shine-Dalgarno sequence (SDS) in the S2 helix of each structure remained unbroken. The expectation that the effector-free state should expose the SDS prompted us to conduct solution experiments to delineate environmental changes to specific nucleobases in response to preQ1. We then used nudged elastic band computational methods to derive conformational-change pathways linking the crystallographically-determined effector-free and bound-state structures. Pathways featured: (i) unstacking and unpairing of L2 and S2 nucleobases without preQ1—exposing the SDS for translation and (ii) stacking and pairing L2 and S2 nucleobases with preQ1—sequestering the SDS. Our results reveal how preQ1 binding reorganizes L2 into a nucleobase-stacking spine that sequesters the SDS, linking effector recognition to biological function. The generality of stacking spines as conduits for effector-dependent, interdomain communication is discussed in light of their existence in adenine riboswitches, as well as the turnip yellow mosaic virus ribosome sensor.

Research Organization:
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States). Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL); University of Rochester, NY (United States). School of Medicine and Dentistry
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER); National Institutes of Health (NIH)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-76SF00515; P41 GM103393; GM132185; GM063162; T32 AI049815; T32 GM118283
OSTI ID:
1635308
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1903962
Journal Information:
Nucleic Acids Research, Journal Name: Nucleic Acids Research Vol. 48 Journal Issue: 14; ISSN 0305-1048
Publisher:
Oxford University PressCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United Kingdom
Language:
English

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