MicroRNAs as biomarkers of diabetic retinopathy and disease progression

Martinez, Bridget; Peplow, PhilipV

doi:10.4103/1673-5374.259602

Title: MicroRNAs as biomarkers of diabetic retinopathy and disease progression

Journal Article · Fri Nov 01 00:00:00 EDT 2019 · Neural Regeneration Research

DOI:https://doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.259602· OSTI ID:1628701

Martinez, Bridget ^[1]; Peplow, PhilipV ^[2]

Univ. of California, Merced, CA (United States). Dept. of Molecular & Cellular Biology; St. Georges Univ. School of Medicine (Grenada). Dept. of Medicine; Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States). Dept. of Physics and Engineering
Univ. of Otago, Dunedin (New Zealand). Dept. of Anatomy

Diabetes mellitus, together with its complications, has been increasing in prevalence worldwide. Its complications include cardiovascular disease (e.g., myocardial infarction, stroke), neuropathy, nephropathy, and eye complications (e.g., glaucoma, cataracts, retinopathy, and macular edema). In patients with either type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus, diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of visual impairment or blindness. It is characterized by progressive changes in the retinal microvasculature. The progression from nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy to a more advanced stage of moderate to severe nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy and proliferative diabetic retinopathy occurs very quickly after diagnosis of mild nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy. The etiology of diabetic retinopathy is unclear, and present treatments have limited effectiveness. Currently diabetic retinopathy can only be diagnosed by a trained specialist, which reduces the population that can be examined. A screening biomarker of diabetic retinopathy with high sensitivity and specificity would aid considerably in identifying those individuals in need of clinical assessment and treatment. The majority of the studies reviewed identified specific microRNAs in blood serum/plasma able to distinguish diabetic patients with retinopathy from those without retinopathy and for the progresion of the disease from nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy to proliferative diabetic retinopathy. In addition, certain microRNAs in vitreous humor were dysregulated in proliferative diabetic retinopathy compared to controls. A very high percentage of patients with diabetic retinopathy develop Alzheimer’s disease. Thus, identifying diabetic retinopathy by measurement of suitable biomarkers would also enable better screening and treatment of those individuals at risk of Alzheimer’s disease.

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Research Organization:: University of California, Merced, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-06NA25396

OSTI ID:: 1628701

Journal Information:: Neural Regeneration Research, Vol. 14, Issue 11; ISSN 1673-5374

Publisher:: Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine (CARM)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
cell biology
neurosciences & neurology
diabetes
retinopathy
diagnosis
disease progression
microRNAs
biomarkers
blood serum/ plasma
vitreous humor
humans

Title: MicroRNAs as biomarkers of diabetic retinopathy and disease progression

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