Measurement of the cosmic ray proton spectrum from 40 GeV to 100 TeV with the DAMPE satellite

An, Q.; Asfandiyarov, R.; Azzarello, P.; Bernardini, P.; Bi, X. J.; Cai, M. S.; Chang, J.; Chen, D. Y.; Chen, H. F.; Chen, J. L.; Chen, W.; Cui, M. Y.; Cui, T. S.; Dai, H. T.; D’Amone, A.; De Benedittis, A.; De Mitri, I.; Di Santo, M.; Ding, M.; Dong, T. K.; Dong, Y. F.; Dong, Z. X.; Donvito, G.; Droz, D.; Duan, J. L.; Duan, K. K.; D’Urso, D.; Fan, R. R.; Fan, Y. Z.; Fang, F.; Feng, C. Q.; Feng, L.; Fusco, P.; Gallo, V.; Gan, F. J.; Gao, M.; Gargano, F.; Gong, K.; Gong, Y. Z.; Guo, D. Y.; Guo, J. H.; Guo, X. L.; Han, S. X.; Hu, Y. M.; Huang, G. S.; Huang, X. Y.; Huang, Y. Y.; Ionica, M.; Jiang, W.; Jin, X.; Kong, J.; Lei, S. J.; Li, S.; Li, W. L.; Li, X.; Li, X. Q.; Li, Y.; Liang, Y. F.; Liang, Y. M.; Liao, N. H.; Liu, C. M.; Liu, H.; Liu, J.; Liu, S. B.; Liu, W. Q.; Liu, Y.; Loparco, F.; Luo, C. N.; Ma, M.; Ma, P. X.; Ma, S. Y.; Ma, T.; Ma, X. Y.; Marsella, G.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Mo, D.; Niu, X. Y.; Pan, X.; Peng, W. X.; Peng, X. Y.; Qiao, R.; Rao, J. N.; Salinas, M. M.; Shang, G. Z.; Shen, W. H.; Shen, Z. Q.; Shen, Z. T.; Song, J. X.; Su, H.; Su, M.; Sun, Z. Y.; Surdo, A.; Teng, X. J.; Tykhonov, A.; Vitillo, S.; Wang, C.; Wang, H.; Wang, H. Y.; Wang, J. Z.; Wang, L. G.; Wang, Q.; Wang, S.; Wang, X. H.; Wang, X. L.; Wang, Y. F.; Wang, Y. P.; Wang, Y. Z.; Wang, Z. M.; Wei, D. M.; Wei, J. J.; Wei, Y. F.; Wen, S. C.; Wu, D.; Wu, J.; Wu, L. B.; Wu, S. S.; Wu, X.; Xi, K.; Xia, Z. Q.; Xu, H. T.; Xu, Z. H.; Xu, Z. L.; Xu, Z. Z.; Xue, G. F.; Yang, H. B.; Yang, P.; Yang, Y. Q.; Yang, Z. L.; Yao, H. J.; Yu, Y. H.; Yuan, Q.; Yue, C.; Zang, J. J.; Zhang, F.; Zhang, J. Y.; Zhang, J. Z.; Zhang, P. F.; Zhang, S. X.; Zhang, W. Z.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, Y. J.; Zhang, Y. L.; Zhang, Y. P.; Zhang, Y. Q.; Zhang, Z.; Zhang, Z. Y.; Zhao, H.; Zhao, H. Y.; Zhao, X. F.; Zhou, C. Y.; Zhou, Y.; Zhu, X.; Zhu, Y.; Zimmer, S.

doi:10.1126/sciadv.aax3793

Title: Measurement of the cosmic ray proton spectrum from 40 GeV to 100 TeV with the DAMPE satellite

Journal Article · Tue Sep 03 00:00:00 EDT 2019 · Science Advances

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aax3793· OSTI ID:1572843

An, Q.;

;

; Bernardini, P.;

; Cai, M. S.; Chang, J.; Chen, D. Y.; Chen, H. F.; Chen, J. L.; Chen, W.;

; Cui, T. S.; Dai, H. T.;

;

; Di Santo, M.;

;

The precise measurement of the spectrum of protons, the most abundant component of the cosmic radiation, is essential to understand the source and acceleration of cosmic rays in the Milky Way. This work reports the measurement of the cosmic ray proton fluxes with kinetic energies from 40 GeV to 100 TeV, with 2¹/₂ years of data recorded by the DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE). This is the first time that an experiment directly measures the cosmic ray protons up to ~100 TeV with high statistics. The measured spectrum validates the spectral hardening at ~300 GeV found by previous experiments and reveals a softening at ~13.6 TeV, with the spectral index changing from ~2.60 to ~2.85. Our result implies the existence of a new spectral feature of cosmic rays at energies lower than the so-called knee and sheds new light on the origin of Galactic cosmic rays.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Contributing Organization:: DAMPE Collaboration

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1572843

Journal Information:: Science Advances, Vol. 5, Issue 9; Related Information: Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC); ISSN 2375-2548

Publisher:: AAASCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Citation Metrics:

Cited by: 174 works

Citation information provided by
Web of Science

References (56)

Precision Measurement of the Proton Flux in Primary Cosmic Rays from Rigidity 1 GV to 1.8 TV with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station Aguilar, M.; Aisa, D.; Alpat, B. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 114, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.171103	journal	April 2015
Spectra of Cosmic-Ray Protons and Helium Produced in Supernova Remnants Ptuskin, Vladimir; Zirakashvili, Vladimir; Seo, Eun-Suk The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 763, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/763/1/47	journal	January 2013
Charge measurement of cosmic ray nuclei with the plastic scintillator detector of DAMPE Dong, Tiekuang; Zhang, Yapeng; Ma, Pengxiong Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 105 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.astropartphys.2018.10.001	journal	February 2019
Measurement of absolute energy scale of ECAL of DAMPE with geomagnetic rigidity cutoff Zang, Jingjing; Yue, Chuan; Li, Xiang Proceedings of 35th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2017) https://doi.org/10.22323/1.301.0197	conference	August 2018
On the Origin of the Cosmic Radiation Fermi, Enrico Physical Review, Vol. 75, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.75.1169	journal	April 1949
The DArk Matter Particle Explorer mission Chang, J.; Ambrosi, G.; An, Q. Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 95 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.astropartphys.2017.08.005	journal	October 2017
The on-orbit calibration of DArk Matter Particle Explorer Ambrosi, G.; An, Q.; Asfandiyarov, R. Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 106 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.astropartphys.2018.10.006	journal	March 2019
The calibration and electron energy reconstruction of the BGO ECAL of the DAMPE detector Zhang, Zhiyong; Wang, Chi; Dong, Jianing Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 836 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2016.08.015	journal	November 2016
A method for aligning the plastic scintillator detector on DAMPE Ma, Peng-Xiong; Zhang, Yong-Jie; Zhang, Ya-Peng Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics, Vol. 19, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-4527/19/6/82	journal	June 2019
Discrepant Hardening Observed in Cosmic-Ray Elemental Spectra Ahn, H. S.; Allison, P.; Bagliesi, M. G. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 714, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/714/1/L89	journal	April 2010
PAMELA Measurements of Cosmic-Ray Proton and Helium Spectra Adriani, O.; Barbarino, G. C.; Bazilevskaya, G. A. Science, Vol. 332, Issue 6025 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1199172	journal	March 2011
Proton and Helium Spectra from the CREAM-III Flight Yoon, Y. S.; Anderson, T.; Barrau, A. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 839, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa68e4	journal	April 2017
The FLUKA Code: Developments and Challenges for High Energy and Medical Applications Böhlen, T. T.; Cerutti, F.; Chin, M. P. W. Nuclear Data Sheets, Vol. 120 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nds.2014.07.049	journal	June 2014
The plastic scintillator detector for DAMPE Yu, Yuhong; Sun, Zhiyu; Su, Hong Astroparticle Physics, Vol. 94 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.astropartphys.2017.06.004	journal	September 2017
Internal alignment and position resolution of the silicon tracker of DAMPE determined with orbit data Tykhonov, A.; Ambrosi, G.; Asfandiyarov, R. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 893 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2018.02.105	journal	June 2018
On the knee of Galactic cosmic rays in light of sub-TeV spectral hardenings Guo, Yi-Qing; Yuan, Qiang Chinese Physics C, Vol. 42, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-1137/42/7/075103	journal	June 2018
Energy spectra of abundant nuclei of primary cosmic rays from the data of ATIC-2 experiment: Final results Panov, A. D.; Adams, J. H.; Ahn, H. S. Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics, Vol. 73, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.3103/S1062873809050098	journal	May 2009
Direct detection of a break in the teraelectronvolt cosmic-ray spectrum of electrons and positrons Collaboration, Dampe Nature, Vol. 552, Issue 7683, p. 63-66 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature24475	journal	November 2017
Three component model of cosmic ray spectra from 10 GeV to 100 PeV Zatsepin, V. I.; Sokolskaya, N. V. Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 458, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20065108	journal	October 2006
Cosmic-ray electron-positron spectrum from 7 GeV to 2 TeV with the Fermi Large Area Telescope Abdollahi, S.; Ackermann, M.; Ajello, M. Physical Review D, Vol. 95, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.95.082007	journal	April 2017
Design of a high dynamic range photomultiplier base board for the BGO ECAL of DAMPE Zhang, Zhiyong; Zhang, Yunlong; Dong, Jianing Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 780 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2015.01.036	journal	April 2015
Argo-Ybj Observation of the Large-Scale Cosmic ray Anisotropy During the Solar Minimum Between Cycles 23 and 24 Bartoli, B.; Bernardini, P.; Bi, X. J. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 809, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/809/1/90	journal	August 2015
The DAMPE silicon–tungsten tracker Azzarello, P.; Ambrosi, G.; Asfandiyarov, R. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 831 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2016.02.077	journal	September 2016
A multidimensional unfolding method based on Bayes' theorem D'Agostini, G. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 362, Issue 2-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(95)00274-X	journal	August 1995
Cosmic ray proton plus helium energy spectrum measured by the ARGO-YBJ experiment in the energy range 3–300 TeV Bartoli, B.; Bernardini, P.; Bi, X. J. Physical Review D, Vol. 91, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.91.112017	journal	June 2015
Geant4—a simulation toolkit Agostinelli, S.; Allison, J.; Amako, K. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 506, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01368-8	journal	July 2003
The Nine Lives of Cosmic Rays in Galaxies Grenier, Isabelle A.; Black, John H.; Strong, Andrew W. Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Vol. 53, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-astro-082214-122457	journal	August 2015
New Universal Cosmic-Ray Knee near a Magnetic Rigidity of 10 TV with the NUCLEON Space Observatory Atkin, E.; Bulatov, V.; Dorokhov, V. JETP Letters, Vol. 108, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1134/S0021364018130015	journal	June 2018
Excesses of cosmic ray spectra from a single nearby source Liu, Wei; Bi, Xiao-Jun; Lin, Su-Jie Physical Review D, Vol. 96, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.96.023006	journal	July 2017
The PAMELA Mission: Heralding a new era in precision cosmic ray physics Adriani, O.; Barbarino, G. C.; Bazilevskaya, G. A. Physics Reports, Vol. 544, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physrep.2014.06.003	journal	November 2014
Testing the Origin of High-Energy Cosmic rays Vladimirov, A. E.; Jóhannesson, G.; Moskalenko, I. V. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 752, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/752/1/68	journal	May 2012
A parameterized energy correction method for electromagnetic showers in BGO-ECAL of DAMPE Yue, Chuan; Zang, Jingjing; Dong, Tiekuang Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 856 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2017.03.013	journal	June 2017
Precision Measurement of the Boron to Carbon Flux Ratio in Cosmic Rays from 1.9 GV to 2.6 TV with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station Aguilar, M.; Ali Cavasonza, L.; Ambrosi, G. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 117, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.231102	journal	November 2016
Cosmic-Ray Propagation and Interactions in the Galaxy Strong, Andrew W.; Moskalenko, Igor V.; Ptuskin, Vladimir S. Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science, Vol. 57, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.nucl.57.090506.123011	journal	November 2007
Direct Measurement of the Cosmic-Ray Proton Spectrum from 50 GeV to 10 TeV with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Station Adriani, O.; Akaike, Y.; Asano, K. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 122, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.181102	journal	May 2019
On the Origin of the Cosmic Radiation Fan, C. Y. Physical Review, Vol. 79, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrev.79.912	journal	September 1950
On the Origin of the Cosmic Radiation Cocconi, Giuseppe Physical Review, Vol. 83, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrev.83.1193	journal	September 1951
Cosmic-ray electron-positron spectrum from 7 GeV to 2 TeV with the Fermi Large Area Telescope Mirabal, N.; Al., Et American Physical Society (APS) https://doi.org/10.13016/m2driy-nwxo	collection	January 2017
Precision Measurement of the Proton Flux in Primary Cosmic Rays from Rigidity 1 GV to 1.8 TV with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station Aguilar, M.; Aisa, D.; Alpat, B. RWTH Aachen University https://doi.org/10.18154/rwth-2015-06052	text	January 2015
Precision Measurement of the Boron to Carbon Flux Ratio in Cosmic Rays from 1.9 GV to 2.6 TV with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station Aguilar, M.; Ali Cavasonza, L.; Ambrosi, G. Karlsruhe https://doi.org/10.5445/ir/1000065595	text	January 2016
Energy spectra of cosmic-ray nuclei at high energies Ahn, H. S.; Allison, P.; Bagliesi, M. G. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.0911.1889	text	January 2009
Energy Spectra of Abundant Nuclei of Primary Cosmic Rays from the Data of ATIC-2 Experiment: Final Results Panov, A. D.; Adams, J. H.; Ahn, H. S. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1101.3246	text	January 2011
Spectra of Cosmic Ray Protons and Helium Produced in Supernova Remnants Ptuskin, V. S.; Zirakashvili, V. N.; Seo, E. S. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1212.0381	text	January 2012
The cosmic ray proton plus helium energy spectrum measured by the ARGO-YBJ experiment in the energy range 3-300 TeV Collaboration, Ybj; Bartoli, B.; Bernardini, P. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1503.07136	text	January 2015
On the knee of Galactic cosmic rays in light of sub-TeV spectral hardenings Guo, Yi-Qing; Yuan, Qiang arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1701.07136	text	January 2017
The Plastic Scintillator Detector at DAMPE Yu, Yuhong; Sun, Zhiyu; Su, Hong arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1703.00098	text	January 2017
The DArk Matter Particle Explorer mission Chang, J.; Ambrosi, G.; An, Q. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1706.08453	text	January 2017
Direct detection of a break in the teraelectronvolt cosmic-ray spectrum of electrons and positrons Ambrosi, G.; An, Q.; Asfandiyarov, R. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1711.10981	text	January 2017
Internal alignment and position resolution of the silicon tracker of DAMPE determined with orbit data Tykhonov, A.; Ambrosi, G.; Asfandiyarov, R. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1712.02739	text	January 2017
Charge Measurement of Cosmic Ray Nuclei with the Plastic Scintillator Detector of DAMPE Dong, Tiekuang; Zhang, Yapeng; Ma, Pengxiong arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1810.10784	text	January 2018
ARGO-YBJ Observation of the Large-scale Anisotropy During the Solar Minimum between Cycles 23 and 24 Cui, Shuwang arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2112.14891	text	January 2021
Three component model of cosmic ray spectra from 10 GeV to 100 PeV Zatsepin, V. I.; Sokolskaya, N. V. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0601475	text	January 2006
Cosmic-ray propagation and interactions in the Galaxy Strong, Andrew W.; Moskalenko, Igor V.; Ptuskin, Vladimir S. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0701517	text	January 2007
Energy Spectra of Cosmic-Ray Nuclei at high Energies Ahn, H. S.; Allison, P.; Bagliesi, M. G. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 707, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/707/1/593	journal	November 2009
Spectral Breaks as a Signature of Cosmic Ray Induced Turbulence in the Galaxy Blasi, Pasquale; Amato, Elena; Serpico, Pasquale D. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 109, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.109.061101	journal	August 2012
Ten Years of PAMELA in Space Adriani, O.; Barbarino, G. C.; Bazilevskaya, G. A. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1801.10310	text	January 2018

Similar Records

Fermi LAT observations of cosmic-ray electrons from 7 GeV to 1 TeV

Journal Article · Mon Nov 01 00:00:00 EDT 2010 · Physical Review. D, Particles Fields · OSTI ID:1572843

Ackermann, M; Ajello, M; Bechtol, K; +17 more

Fermi LAT observations of cosmic-ray electrons from 7 GeV to 1 TeV

Journal Article · Mon Nov 01 00:00:00 EDT 2010 · Physical Review. D, Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology · OSTI ID:1572843

Ackermann, M.

On the Energy Spectra of GeV/TeV Cosmic Ray Leptons

Journal Article · Fri Aug 19 00:00:00 EDT 2011 · Astrophys.J.710:236-247,2010 · OSTI ID:1572843

Stawarz, Lukasz; Petrosian, Vahe; Blandford, Roger D

Related Subjects

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS

Title: Measurement of the cosmic ray proton spectrum from 40 GeV to 100 TeV with the DAMPE satellite

Citation Formats

References (56)

Similar Records

Related Subjects