Radiation risk of incident colorectal cancer by anatomical site among atomic bomb survivors: 1958–2009
[1];
[1];
- Department of Epidemiology Radiation Effects Research Foundation Hiroshima Japan
- Department of Statistics Radiation Effects Research Foundation Hiroshima Japan
- Radiation Effects Research Foundation Hiroshima Japan
- Hirosoft International Corporation Eureka CA USA
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics Radiation Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute Rockville MD USA
Radiation effects on colorectal cancer rates, adjusted for smoking, alcohol intake and frequency of meat consumption and body mass index (BMI) by anatomical subsite (proximal colon, distal colon and rectum) were examined in a cohort of 105,444 atomic bomb survivors. Poisson regression methods were used to describe radiation‐associated excess relative risks (ERR) and excess absolute rates (EAR) for the 1958–2009 period. There were 2,960 first primary colorectal cancers including 894 proximal, 871 distal and 1,046 rectal cancers. Smoking, alcohol intake and BMI were associated with subsite‐specific cancer background rates. Significant linear dose–responses were found for total colon (sex‐averaged ERR/Gy for 70 years old exposed at age 30 = 0.63, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.34; 0.98), proximal [ERR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.32; 1.44] and distal colon cancers [ERR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.04; 0.97], but not for rectal cancer [ERR = 0.023, 95% CI: −0.081; 0.13]. The ERRs for proximal and distal colon cancers were not significantly different ( p = 0.41). The ERR decreased with attained age for total colon, but not for proximal colon cancer, and with calendar year for distal colon cancer. The ERRs and EARs did not vary by age at exposure, except for decreasing trend in EAR for proximal colon cancer. In conclusion, ionizing radiation is associated with increased risk of proximal and distal colon cancers. The ERR for proximal cancer persists over time, but that for distal colon cancer decreases. There continues to be no indication of radiation effects on rectal cancer incidence in this population.
- Research Organization:
- National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE
- Grant/Contract Number:
- DOE award DE‐HS0000031; HS0000031
- OSTI ID:
- 1508172
- Alternate ID(s):
- OSTI ID: 1504796; OSTI ID: 1629666
- Journal Information:
- International Journal of Cancer, Journal Name: International Journal of Cancer Vol. 146 Journal Issue: 3; ISSN 0020-7136
- Publisher:
- Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)Copyright Statement
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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