Size-dependent kinetics during non-equilibrium lithiation of nano-sized zinc ferrite

Li, Jing; Meng, Qingping; Zhang, Yiman; Peng, Lele; Yu, Guihua; Marschilok, Amy C.; Wu, Lijun; Su, Dong; Takeuchi, Kenneth J.; Takeuchi, Esther S.; Zhu, Yimei; Stach, Eric A.

doi:10.1038/s41467-018-07831-5

Title: Size-dependent kinetics during non-equilibrium lithiation of nano-sized zinc ferrite

Journal Article · Wed Jan 09 00:00:00 EST 2019 · Nature Communications

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07831-5· OSTI ID:1493184

Li, Jing ^[1];

^[2]; Zhang, Yiman ^[3]; Peng, Lele ^[4];

^[4]; Marschilok, Amy C. ^[5];

^[2];

^[6]; Takeuchi, Kenneth J. ^[7]; Takeuchi, Esther S. ^[5]; Zhu, Yimei ^[2];

^[8]

State Univ. of New York (SUNY), Plattsburgh, NY (United States); Stony Brook Univ., NY (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering
Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). Dept. of Condensed Matter Physics
State Univ. of New York (SUNY), Plattsburgh, NY (United States); Stony Brook Univ., NY (United States). Dept. of Chemistry
Univ. of Texas, Austin, TX (United States). Materials Science and Engineering Program and Dept. of Mechanical Engineering
State Univ. of New York (SUNY), Plattsburgh, NY (United States); Stony Brook Univ., NY (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, and Dept. of Chemistry; Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). Center for Functional Nanomaterials (CFN)
State Univ. of New York (SUNY), Plattsburgh, NY (United States); Stony Brook Univ., NY (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, and Dept. of Chemistry
Univ. of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering

Spinel transition metal oxides (TMOs) have emerged as promising anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. It has been shown that reducing their particle size to nanoscale dimensions benefits overall electrochemical performance. Here, we use in situ transmission electron microscopy to probe the lithiation behavior of spinel ZnFe₂O₄ as a function of particle size. We have found that ZnFe₂O₄ undergoes an intercalation-to-conversion reaction sequence, with the initial intercalation process being size dependent. Larger ZnFe₂O₄ particles (40 nm) follow a two-phase intercalation reaction. In contrast, a solid-solution transformation dominates the early stages of discharge when the particle size is about 6–9 nm. Using a thermodynamic analysis, we find that the size-dependent kinetics originate from the interfacial energy between the two phases. Furthermore, the conversion reaction in both large and small particles favors {111} planes and follows a core-shell reaction mode. Finally, these results elucidate the intrinsic mechanism that permits fast reaction kinetics in smaller nanoparticles.

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Research Organization:: Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). Center for Mesoscale Transport Properties (m2mt); Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0012704

OSTI ID:: 1493184

Report Number(s):: BNL-211237-2019-JAAM

Journal Information:: Nature Communications, Vol. 10, Issue 1; ISSN 2041-1723

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 74 works

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