Relationship between Mobility and Lattice Strain in Electrochemically Doped Poly(3-hexylthiophene)

Thelen, Jacob L.; Wu, Shao-Ling; Javier, Anna E.; Srinivasan, Venkat; Balsara, Nitash P.; Patel, Shrayesh N.

doi:10.1021/acsmacrolett.5b00827

Title: Relationship between Mobility and Lattice Strain in Electrochemically Doped Poly(3-hexylthiophene)

Journal Article · Wed Nov 25 00:00:00 EST 2015 · ACS Macro Letters

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmacrolett.5b00827· OSTI ID:1474894

Thelen, Jacob L. ^[1]; Wu, Shao-Ling ^[2]; Javier, Anna E. ^[2]; Srinivasan, Venkat ^[2]; Balsara, Nitash P. ^[3]; Patel, Shrayesh N. ^[4]

Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Materials Sciences Division and Joint Center for Energy Storage Research (JCESR)
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Joint Center for Energy Storage Research (JCESR) and Environmental Energy Technologies Division
Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Materials Sciences Division, Environmental Energy Technologies Division and Joint Center for Energy Storage Research (JCESR)
Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Materials Sciences Division and Environmental Energy Technologies Division

Conjugated semiconducting polymers, such as poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT), are poised to play an integral role in the development of organic electronic devices; however, their performance is governed by factors that are intrinsically coupled: dopant concentration, carrier mobility, crystal structure, and mesoscale morphology. We utilize synchrotron X-ray scattering and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to probe the crystal structure and electronic properties of P3HT in situ during electrochemical doping. We also show that doping strains the crystalline domains, coincident with an exponential increase in hole mobility. We believe these observations provide guidance for the development of improved theoretical models for charge transport in semiconducting polymers.

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Joint Center for Energy Storage Research (JCESR)

DOE Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1474894

Journal Information:: ACS Macro Letters, Vol. 4, Issue 12; Related Information: © 2015 American Chemical Society.; ISSN 2161-1653

Publisher:: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (41)

Electrochemically Oxidized Electronic and Ionic Conducting Nanostructured Block Copolymers for Lithium Battery Electrodes Patel, Shrayesh N.; Javier, Anna E.; Balsara, Nitash P. ACS Nano, Vol. 7, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1021/nn4018685	journal	June 2013
Nika : software for two-dimensional data reduction Ilavsky, Jan Journal of Applied Crystallography, Vol. 45, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1107/S0021889812004037	journal	March 2012
Effects of doping on the crystal structure of poly(3-alkylthiophene) Kawai, Tsuyoshi; Nakazono, Masahiro; Yoshino, Katsumi Journal of Materials Chemistry, Vol. 2, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1039/jm9920200903	journal	January 1992
Aggregates Promote Efficient Charge Transfer Doping of Poly(3-hexylthiophene) Gao, Jian; Niles, Edwards T.; Grey, John K. The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, Vol. 4, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1021/jz401555x	journal	August 2013
Direct comparison of field-effect and electrochemical doping in regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) Shimotani, Hidekazu; Diguet, Gildas; Iwasa, Yoshihiro Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 86, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1850614	journal	January 2005
Organic materials for printed electronics Berggren, M.; Nilsson, D.; Robinson, N. D. Nature Materials, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat1817	journal	January 2007
Charge Transport in Organic Semiconductors Coropceanu, Veaceslav; Cornil, Jérôme; da Silva Filho, Demetrio A. Chemical Reviews, Vol. 107, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1021/cr050140x	journal	April 2007
Controlling the Field-Effect Mobility of Regioregular Polythiophene by Changing the Molecular Weight Kline, R. J.; McGehee, M. D.; Kadnikova, E. N. Advanced Materials, Vol. 15, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200305275	journal	September 2003
Nanostructure Dependence of Field-Effect Mobility in Regioregular Poly(3-hexylthiophene) Thin Film Field Effect Transistors Zhang, Rui; Li, Bo; Iovu, Mihaela C. Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 128, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja055192i	journal	March 2006
Microstructural Characterization and Charge Transport in Thin Films of Conjugated Polymers Salleo, Alberto; Kline, R. Joseph; DeLongchamp, Dean M. Advanced Materials, Vol. 22, Issue 34 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200903712	journal	July 2010
Doping-induced change of carrier mobilities in poly(3-hexylthiophene) films with different stacking structures Jiang, X.; Harima, Y.; Yamashita, K. Chemical Physics Letters, Vol. 364, Issue 5-6 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2614(02)01383-0	journal	October 2002
Factors Governing Intercalation of Fullerenes and Other Small Molecules Between the Side Chains of Semiconducting Polymers Used in Solar Cells Miller, Nichole Cates; Cho, Eunkyung; Gysel, Roman Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 2, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201200392	journal	August 2012
X-ray structural studies of poly(3-alkylthiophenes): an example of an inverse comb Prosa, T. J.; Winokur, M. J.; Moulton, Jeff Macromolecules, Vol. 25, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00043a019	journal	August 1992
A Theoretical Study of the Charge Transfer Behavior of the Highly Regioregular Poly-3-hexylthiophene in the Ordered State Lan, Yi-Kang; Huang, Ching-I The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, Vol. 112, Issue 47 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp806967x	journal	November 2008
An Organic Electronics Primer Malliaras, George; Friend, Richard Physics Today, Vol. 58, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1995748	journal	May 2005
Effect of Polymorphism, Regioregularity and Paracrystallinity on Charge Transport in Poly(3-hexylthiophene) [P3HT] Nanofibers Poelking, Carl; Andrienko, Denis Macromolecules, Vol. 46, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1021/ma4015966	journal	November 2013
Doping-induced broadening of the hole density-of-states in conducting polymers Garcia-Belmonte, Germà; Vakarin, Eduard V.; Bisquert, Juan Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 55, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2009.08.019	journal	August 2010
A SAXS/WAXS/GISAXS Beamline with Multilayer Monochromator Hexemer, Alexander; Bras, Wim; Glossinger, James Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Vol. 247 https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/247/1/012007	journal	October 2010
X-ray-diffraction studies of the three-dimensional structure within iodine-intercalated poly(3-octylthiophene) Prosa, T. J.; Winokur, M. J.; Moulton, Jeff Physical Review B, Vol. 51, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.51.159	journal	January 1995
Effect of Molecular Weight and Annealing of Poly(3-hexylthiophene)s on the Performance of Organic Field-Effect Transistors Zen, A.; Pflaum, J.; Hirschmann, S. Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 14, Issue 8, p. 757-764 https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.200400017	journal	August 2004
Molecular-weight dependence of interchain polaron delocalization and exciton bandwidth in high-mobility conjugated polymers Chang, Jui-Fen; Clark, Jenny; Zhao, Ni Physical Review B, Vol. 74, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.74.115318	journal	September 2006
Determination of the Crystallinity of Semicrystalline Poly(3-hexylthiophene) by Means of Wide-Angle X-ray Scattering Balko, Jens; Lohwasser, Ruth H.; Sommer, Michael Macromolecules, Vol. 46, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1021/ma401946w	journal	December 2013
A general relationship between disorder, aggregation and charge transport in conjugated polymers Noriega, Rodrigo; Rivnay, Jonathan; Vandewal, Koen Nature Materials, Vol. 12, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat3722	journal	August 2013
Determination of mobilities of charge carriers in electrochemically anion-doped polythiophene film Harima, Yutaka; Kunugi, Yoshihito; Yamashita, Kazuo Chemical Physics Letters, Vol. 317, Issue 3-5 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2614(99)01378-0	journal	February 2000
Dependence of Regioregular Poly(3-hexylthiophene) Film Morphology and Field-Effect Mobility on Molecular Weight Kline, R. Joseph; McGehee, Michael D.; Kadnikova, Ekaterina N. Macromolecules, Vol. 38, Issue 8, p. 3312-3319 https://doi.org/10.1021/ma047415f	journal	April 2005
Charge-carrier concentration dependence of the hopping mobility in organic materials with Gaussian disorder Coehoorn, R.; Pasveer, W. F.; Bobbert, P. A. Physical Review B, Vol. 72, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.72.155206	journal	October 2005
What determines the mobility of charge carriers in conjugated polymers? Laquai, Frédéric; Wegner, Gerhard; Bässler, Heinz Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, Vol. 365, Issue 1855 https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2007.2027	journal	April 2007
Crystal structural change in poly(3-alkyl thiophene)s induced by iodine doping as studied by an organized combination of X-ray diffraction, infrared/Raman spectroscopy and computer simulation techniques Tashiro, Kohji; Kobayashi, Masamichi; Kawai, Tsuyoshi Polymer, Vol. 38, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0032-3861(96)00876-2	journal	June 1997
Structural evolution in iodine-doped poly(3-alkylthiophenes) Winokur, M. J.; Wamsley, Paula; Moulton, Jeff Macromolecules, Vol. 24, Issue 13 https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00013a011	journal	June 1991
π-Conjugated Polymers for Organic Electronics and Photovoltaic Cell Applications ^† Facchetti, Antonio Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 23, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1021/cm102419z	journal	February 2011
Simultaneous Electronic and Ionic Conduction in a Block Copolymer: Application in Lithium Battery Electrodes Javier, Anna E.; Patel, Shrayesh N.; Hallinan, Daniel T. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Vol. 50, Issue 42 https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201102953	journal	September 2011
Chain conformations dictate multiscale charge transport phenomena in disordered semiconducting polymers Noriega, R.; Salleo, A.; Spakowitz, A. J. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 110, Issue 41 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1307158110	journal	September 2013
Effect of Molecular Weight on the Structure and Crystallinity of Poly(3-hexylthiophene) Zen, Achmad; Saphiannikova, Marina; Neher, Dieter Macromolecules, Vol. 39, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1021/ma0521349	journal	March 2006
Simultaneous Conduction of Electronic Charge and Lithium Ions in Block Copolymers Patel, Shrayesh N.; Javier, Anna E.; Stone, Greg M. ACS Nano, Vol. 6, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1021/nn2045664	journal	January 2012
Molecular Weight Dependent Charge Carrier Mobility in Poly(3,3‘ ‘-dioctyl-2,2‘:5‘,2‘ ‘-terthiophene) Verilhac, Jean-Marie; Pokrop, Rafal; LeBlevennec, Gilles The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, Vol. 110, Issue 27 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp0624956	journal	June 2006
Enhancement of carrier mobilities in poly(3-methylthiophene) by an electrochemical doping Harima, Y.; Eguchi, T.; Yamashita, K. Synthetic Metals, Vol. 95, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0379-6779(98)00035-6	journal	May 1998
Crystal Structure of Poly(3-alkylthiophene) and Its Doping Effect Kawai, Tsuyoshi; Nakazono, Masahiro; Sugimoto, Ryu-ichi Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, Vol. 61, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.61.3400	journal	September 1992
Percolation, Tie-Molecules, and the Microstructural Determinants of Charge Transport in Semicrystalline Conjugated Polymers Mollinger, Sonya A.; Krajina, Brad A.; Noriega, Rodrigo ACS Macro Letters, Vol. 4, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmacrolett.5b00314	journal	June 2015
X-ray diffraction studies of iodine-doped poly(3-alkylthiophenes) Prosa, T. J.; Winokur, M. J.; Moulton, Jeff Synthetic Metals, Vol. 55, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0379-6779(93)90960-5	journal	March 1993
Structure and morphology control in thin films of regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) Brinkmann, Martin Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, Vol. 49, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1002/polb.22310	journal	July 2011
The chemical and structural origin of efficient p-type doping in P3HT Duong, Duc T.; Wang, Chenchen; Antono, Erin Organic Electronics, Vol. 14, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgel.2013.02.028	journal	May 2013

Similar Records

Real time quantification of mixed ion and electron transfer associated with the doping of poly(3-hexylthiophene)

Journal Article · Thu Apr 07 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · Journal of Materials Chemistry C · OSTI ID:1474894

Thakur, Ratul Mitra; Easley, Alexandra D.; Wang, Shaoyang; +3 more

X‐Ray Scattering Reveals Ion‐Induced Microstructural Changes During Electrochemical Gating of Poly(3‐Hexylthiophene)

Journal Article · Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · Advanced Functional Materials · OSTI ID:1474894

Thomas, Elayne M.; Brady, Michael A.; Nakayama, Hidenori; +3 more

Novel Effects of Compressed CO₂ Molecules on Structural Ordering and Charge Transport in Conjugated Poly(3-hexylthiophene) Thin Films

Journal Article · Thu Oct 06 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · Langmuir · OSTI ID:1474894

Jiang, Naisheng; Sendogdular, Levent; Sen, Mani; +6 more

Related Subjects

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY

Title: Relationship between Mobility and Lattice Strain in Electrochemically Doped Poly(3-hexylthiophene)

Citation Formats

References (41)

Similar Records

Related Subjects