Biogeochemical Cycling by a Low-Diversity Microbial Community in Deep Groundwater

Bell, Emma; Lamminmäki, Tiina; Alneberg, Johannes; Andersson, Anders F.; Qian, Chen; Xiong, Weili; Hettich, Robert L.; Balmer, Louise; Frutschi, Manon; Sommer, Guillaume; Bernier-Latmani, Rizlan

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.02129

Title: Biogeochemical Cycling by a Low-Diversity Microbial Community in Deep Groundwater

Journal Article · Fri Sep 07 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · Frontiers in Microbiology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.02129· OSTI ID:1469025

Bell, Emma; Lamminmäki, Tiina; Alneberg, Johannes; Andersson, Anders F.; Qian, Chen; Xiong, Weili; Hettich, Robert L.; Balmer, Louise; Frutschi, Manon; Sommer, Guillaume; Bernier-Latmani, Rizlan

Olkiluoto, an island on the south-west coast of Finland, will host a deep geological repository for the storage of spent nuclear fuel. Microbially induced corrosion from the generation of sulphide is therefore a concern as it could potentially compromise the longevity of the copper waste canisters. Groundwater at Olkiluoto is geochemically stratified with depth and elevated concentrations of sulphide are observed when sulphate-rich and methane-rich groundwaters mix. Particularly high sulphide is observed in methane-rich groundwater from a fracture at 530.6 mbsl, where mixing with sulphate-rich groundwater occurred as the result of an open drill hole connecting two different fractures at different depths. To determine the electron donors fuelling sulphidogenesis, we combined geochemical, isotopic, metagenomic and metaproteomic analyses. This revealed a low diversity microbial community fuelled by hydrogen and organic carbon. Sulphur and carbon isotopes of sulphate and dissolved inorganic carbon, respectively, confirmed that sulphate reduction was ongoing and that CO2 came from the degradation of organic matter. The results demonstrate the impact of introducing sulphate to a methane-rich groundwater with limited electron acceptors and provide insight into extant metabolisms in the terrestrial subsurface.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: CSP 502935; AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1469025

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1495982

Journal Information:: Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Name: Frontiers in Microbiology Vol. 9; ISSN 1664-302X

Publisher:: Frontiers Media SACopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: Switzerland

Language:: English

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Cited by: 26 works

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