General theory of spontaneous emission near exceptional points

Pick, Adi; Zhen, Bo; Miller, Owen D.; Hsu, Chia W.; Hernandez, Felipe; Rodriguez, Alejandro W.; Soljačić, Marin; Johnson, Steven G.

doi:10.1364/OE.25.012325

Title: General theory of spontaneous emission near exceptional points

Journal Article · Wed May 17 00:00:00 EDT 2017 · Optics Express

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.25.012325· OSTI ID:1465127

Pick, Adi ^[1]; Zhen, Bo ^[2]; Miller, Owen D. ^[3]; Hsu, Chia W. ^[3]; Hernandez, Felipe ^[4]; Rodriguez, Alejandro W. ^[5]; Soljačić, Marin ^[6]; Johnson, Steven G. ^[4]

Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA (United States). Dept. of Physics
Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States). Research Lab. of Electronics; Technion-Israel Inst. of Tech., Haifa (Israel). Physics Dept. and Solid State Inst.
Yale Univ., New Haven, CT (United States). Dept. of Applied Physics
Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States). Dept. of Mathematics
Princeton Univ., NJ (United States). Electrical Engineering Dept.
Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States). Dept. of Physics

Here, we present a general theory of spontaneous emission at exceptional points (EPs)—exotic degeneracies in non-Hermitian systems. Our theory extends beyond spontaneous emission to any light–matter interaction described by the local density of states (e.g., absorption, thermal emission, and nonlinear frequency conversion). Whereas traditional spontaneous-emission theories imply infinite enhancement factors at EPs, we derive finite bounds on the enhancement, proving maximum enhancement of 4 in passive systems with second-order EPs and significantly larger enhancements (exceeding 400×) in gain-aided and higher-order EP systems. In contrast to non-degenerate resonances, which are typically associated with Lorentzian emission curves in systems with low losses, EPs are associated with non-Lorentzian lineshapes, leading to enhancements that scale nonlinearly with the resonance quality factor. Our theory can be applied to dispersive media, with proper normalization of the resonant modes.

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Research Organization:: Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States); Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). Solid-State Solar-Thermal Energy Conversion Center (S3TEC)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0001299

OSTI ID:: 1465127

Journal Information:: Optics Express, Vol. 25, Issue 11; ISSN 1094-4087

Publisher:: Optical Society of America (OSA)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 87 works

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71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS
GENERAL PHYSICS

Title: General theory of spontaneous emission near exceptional points

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