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Title: Conformational Switch Regulates the DNA Cytosine Deaminase Activity of Human APOBEC3B

Journal Article · · Scientific Reports

The APOBEC3B (A3B) single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) cytosine deaminase has important roles in innate immunity but is also a major endogenous source of mutations in cancer. Previous structural studies showed that the C-terminal catalytic domain of human A3B has a tightly closed active site, and rearrangement of the surrounding loops is required for binding to substrate ssDNA. Here we report structures of the A3B catalytic domain in a new crystal form that show alternative, yet still closed, conformations of active site loops. All-atom molecular dynamics simulations support the dynamic behavior of active site loops and recapitulate the distinct modes of interactions that maintain a closed active site. Replacing segments of A3B loop 1 to mimic the more potent cytoplasmic deaminase APOBEC3A leads to elevated ssDNA deaminase activity, likely by facilitating opening of the active site. These data collectively suggest that conformational equilibrium of the A3B active site loops, skewed toward being closed, controls enzymatic activity by regulating binding to ssDNA substrates.

Research Organization:
Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Scientific User Facilities Division; US National Inst. of Health; National Science Foundation (NSF); NIH-ORIP HEI
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-06CH11357; NIGMS R01-GM118000; S10 RR029205; NIGMS R35-GM118047; R21-CA206309; DP2-OD007237; NIGMS P41-GM103426; CHE060073N; NIGMS P41-GM103403
OSTI ID:
1430344
Journal Information:
Scientific Reports, Vol. 7, Issue 1; ISSN 2045-2322
Publisher:
Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
ENGLISH
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 19 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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Cited By (4)

Computer simulations explain mutation-induced effects on the DNA editing by adenine base editors journal March 2020
MagnEdit—interacting factors that recruit DNA-editing enzymes to single base targets journal February 2020
Structural Analysis of the Active Site and DNA Binding of Human Cytidine Deaminase APOBEC3B journal November 2018
BE-FLARE: a fluorescent reporter of base editing activity reveals editing characteristics of APOBEC3A and APOBEC3B journal December 2018