Exploiting the Marangoni Effect To Initiate Instabilities and Direct the Assembly of Liquid Metal Filaments
[1];
[4];
- Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy
- New Jersey Inst. of Technology, Newark, NJ (United States). Dept. of Mathematical Sciences
- Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering
- Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States). Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering; Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences
Utilization of the Marangoni effect in a liquid metal is investigated, focusing on initiating instabilities to direct material assembly via the Rayleigh–Plateau instability. Thin (2 nm) copper (Cu) films are lithographically patterned onto thick (12 nm) nickel (Ni) strips to induce a surface energy gradient at the maximum wavelength of the filament instability predicted by Rayleigh–Plateau instability analysis. We also irradiated the pattern with an 18 ns pulsed laser such that the pattern melts and the resultant Ni–Cu surface tension gradient induces Marangoni flows due to the difference in surface energies. The experimental results, supported by extensive direct numerical simulations, demonstrate that the Marangoni flow exceeds the capillary flow induced by the initial geometry, guiding instabilities such that final nanoparticle location is directed toward the regions of higher surface energy (Ni regions). This work shows a route for manipulation, by means of the Marangoni effect, to direct the evolution of the surface instabilities and the resulting pattern formation.
- Research Organization:
- Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC05-00OR22725
- OSTI ID:
- 1394182
- Journal Information:
- Langmuir, Vol. 33, Issue 33; ISSN 0743-7463
- Publisher:
- American Chemical Society
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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