The structure and emission model of the relativistic jet in the quasar 3C 279 inferred from radio to high-energy γ-ray observations in 2008-2010

Hayashida, M.; Madejski, G. M.; Nalewajko, K.; Sikora, M.; Wehrle, A. E.; Ogle, P.; Collmar, W.; Larsson, S.; Fukazawa, Y.; Itoh, R.; Chiang, J.; Stawarz, Ł.; Blandford, R. D.; Richards, J. L.; Max-Moerbeck, W.; Readhead, A.; Buehler, R.; Cavazzuti, E.; Ciprini, S.; Gehrels, N.; Reimer, A.; Szostek, A.; Tanaka, T.; Tosti, G.; Uchiyama, Y.; Kawabata, K. S.; Kino, M.; Sakimoto, K.; Sasada, M.; Sato, S.; Uemura, M.; Yamanaka, M.; Greiner, J.; Kruehler, T.; Rossi, A.; Macquart, J. P.; Bock, D. C. -J.; Villata, M.; Raiteri, C. M.; Agudo, I.; Aller, H. D.; Aller, M. F.; Arkharov, A. A.; Bach, U.; Benítez, E.; Berdyugin, A.; Blinov, D. A.; Blumenthal, K.; Böttcher, M.; Buemi, C. S.; Carosati, D.; Chen, W. P.; Paola, A. Di; Dolci, M.; Efimova, N. V.; Forné, E.; Gómez, J. L.; Gurwell, M. A.; Heidt, J.; Hiriart, D.; Jordan, B.; Jorstad, S. G.; Joshi, M.; Kimeridze, G.; Konstantinova, T. S.; Kopatskaya, E. N.; Koptelova, E.; Kurtanidze, O. M.; Lähteenmäki, A.; Lamerato, A.; Larionov, V. M.; Larionova, E. G.; Larionova, L. V.; Leto, P.; Lindfors, E.; Marscher, A. P.; McHardy, I. M.; Molina, S. N.; Morozova, D. A.; Nikolashvili, M. G.; Nilsson, K.; Reinthal, R.; Roustazadeh, P.; Sakamoto, T.; Sigua, L. A.; Sillanpää, A.; Takalo, L.; Tammi, J.; Taylor, B.; Tornikoski, M.; Trigilio, C.; Troitsky, I. S.; Umana, G.

doi:10.1088/0004-637X/754/2/114

Title: The structure and emission model of the relativistic jet in the quasar 3C 279 inferred from radio to high-energy γ-ray observations in 2008-2010

Journal Article · Mon Jul 16 00:00:00 EDT 2012 · The Astrophysical Journal

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/754/2/114· OSTI ID:1356717

Hayashida, M.; Madejski, G. M.; Nalewajko, K.; Sikora, M.; Wehrle, A. E.; Ogle, P.; Collmar, W.; Larsson, S.; Fukazawa, Y.; Itoh, R.; Chiang, J.; Stawarz, Ł.; Blandford, R. D.; Richards, J. L.; Max-Moerbeck, W.; Readhead, A.; Buehler, R.; Cavazzuti, E.; Ciprini, S.; Gehrels, N. more »

Here, we present time-resolved broadband observations of the quasar 3C 279 obtained from multi-wavelength campaigns conducted during the first two years of the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope mission. And, while investigating the previously reported γ-ray/optical flare accompanied by a change in optical polarization, we found that the optical emission appears to be delayed with respect to the γ-ray emission by about 10 days. X-ray observations reveal a pair of "isolated" flares separated by ~90 days, with only weak γ-ray/optical counterparts. The spectral structure measured by Spitzer reveals a synchrotron component peaking in the mid-infrared band with a sharp break at the far-infrared band during the γ-ray flare, while the peak appears in the millimeter (mm)/submillimeter (sub-mm) band in the low state. Selected spectral energy distributions are fitted with leptonic models including Comptonization of external radiation produced in a dusty torus or the broad-line region. Furthermore, by adopting the interpretation of the polarization swing involving propagation of the emitting region along a curved trajectory, we can explain the evolution of the broadband spectra during the γ-ray flaring event by a shift of its location from ~1 pc to ~4 pc from the central black hole. On the other hand, if the γ-ray flare is generated instead at sub-pc distance from the central black hole, the far-infrared break can be explained by synchrotron self-absorption. We also model the low spectral state, dominated by the mm/sub-mm peaking synchrotron component, and suggest that the corresponding inverse-Compton component explains the steady X-ray emission.

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Research Organization:: SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Contributing Organization:: Fermi LAT Collaboration

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-76SF00515

OSTI ID:: 1356717

Journal Information:: The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 754, Issue 2; ISSN 0004-637X

Publisher:: Institute of Physics (IOP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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The sequence of Compton dominance in blazars based on data from WISE and Fermi -LAT Nalewajko, Krzysztof; Gupta, Maitrayee Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 606 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201731329	journal	October 2017
The mid-2016 flaring activity of the flat spectrum radio quasar PKS 2023-07 Piano, G.; Munar-Adrover, P.; Pacciani, L. Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 616 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201832812	journal	August 2018
Long-term optical monitoring of TeV emitting blazars: I. Data analysis⋆ Nilsson, K.; Lindfors, E.; Takalo, L. O. Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 620 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201833621	journal	December 2018
Is there a non-stationary γ -ray emission zone 42 pc from the 3C 279 core? Patiño-Álvarez, V. M.; Dzib, S. A.; Lobanov, A. Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 630 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201834401	journal	September 2019
Constraints on the emission region of 3C 279 during strong flares in 2014 and 2015 through VHE γ -ray observations with H.E.S.S. Abdalla, H.; Adam, R.; Aharonian, F. Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 627 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201935704	journal	July 2019
Comprehensive Monitoring of Gamma-Ray Bright Blazars. i. Statistical Study of Optical, X-Ray, and Gamma-Ray Spectral Slopes Williamson, Karen E.; Jorstad, Svetlana G.; Marscher, Alan P. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 789, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/789/2/135	journal	June 2014
Resolving the High-Energy Universe with Strong Gravitational Lensing: the case of pks 1830–211 Barnacka, Anna; Geller, Margaret J.; Dell’Antonio, Ian P. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 809, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/809/1/100	journal	August 2015
Long-term Multiband Study of High-redshift Blazar S5 0836+71 Yang, Jianping; Yang, Chuyuan; Zhou, Bing Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Vol. 131, Issue 995 https://doi.org/10.1088/1538-3873/aaeae6	journal	December 2018
Gamma-Ray Polarimetry: A New Window for the Nonthermal Universe Ilie, Cosmin Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Vol. 131, Issue 1005 https://doi.org/10.1088/1538-3873/ab2a3a	journal	September 2019
Monitoring of the radio galaxy M 87 during a low-emission state from 2012 to 2015 with MAGIC Acciari, V. A.; Ansoldi, S.; Antonelli, L. A. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 492, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa014	journal	January 2020
Multiwavelength behaviour of the blazar 3C 279: decade-long study from γ-ray to radio Larionov, V. M.; Jorstad, S. G.; Marscher, A. P. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 492, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa082	journal	January 2020
Multiwavelength photometric and spectropolarimetric analysis of the FSRQ 3C 279 Patiño-Álvarez, V. M.; Fernandes, S.; Chavushyan, V. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 479, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty1497	journal	June 2018
Physical inference from the γ-ray, X-ray, and optical time variability of a large sample of Fermi blazars Majumder, Anwesh; Mitra, Kaustav; Chatterjee, Ritaban Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 490, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz2557	journal	September 2019
Testing emission models on the extreme blazar 2WHSP J073326.7+515354 detected at very high energies with the MAGIC telescopes Acciari, V. A.; Ansoldi, S.; Antonelli, L. A. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 490, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz2725	journal	September 2019
Investigating the multiwavelength behaviour of the flat spectrum radio quasar CTA 102 during 2013–2017 D’Ammando, F.; Raiteri, C. M.; Villata, M. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 490, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz2792	journal	October 2019
The Long-Lasting Activity in the Flat Spectrum Radio Quasar (FSRQ) CTA 102 Zacharias, Michael; Böttcher, Markus; Jankowsky, Felix Galaxies, Vol. 7, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3390/galaxies7010034	journal	February 2019
Kinematics of Parsec-scale Jets of Gamma-Ray Blazars at 43 GHz within the VLBA-BU-BLAZAR Program Jorstad, Svetlana G.; Marscher, Alan P.; Morozova, Daria A. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 846, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa8407	journal	September 2017
A Steady-state Spectral Model for Electron Acceleration and Cooling in Blazar Jets: Application to 3C 279 Lewis, Tiffany R.; Finke, Justin D.; Becker, Peter A. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 853, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaa19a	journal	January 2018
The Bright γ -ray Flare of 3C 279 in 2015 June: AGILE Detection and Multifrequency Follow-up Observations Pittori, C.; Lucarelli, F.; Verrecchia, F. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 856, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aab1f9	journal	March 2018
Exploring the Connection between Parsec-scale Jet Activity and Broadband Outbursts in 3C 279 Rani, B.; Jorstad, S. G.; Marscher, A. P. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 858, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aab785	journal	May 2018
A Method for Locating a High-energy Dissipation Region in a Blazar Yan, Dahai; Wu, Qingwen; Fan, Xuliang The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 859, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aac20a	journal	June 2018
Blazar Spectra with Hard-sphere-like Acceleration of Electrons Asano, Katsuaki; Hayashida, Masaaki The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 861, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aac82a	journal	June 2018
Multi-frequency Variability Study of Ton 599 during the High Activity of 2017 Prince, Raj The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 871, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaf475	journal	January 2019
The Extended Flare in CTA 102 in 2016 and 2017 within a Hadronic Model through Cloud Ablation by the Relativistic Jet Zacharias, M.; Böttcher, M.; Jankowsky, F. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 871, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaf4f7	journal	January 2019
Measuring the Variability in K2 Optical Light Curves of the Binary Black Hole Candidate OJ 287 and Other Fermi Active Galactic Nuclei in 2014–2015 Wehrle, Ann E.; Carini, Michael; Wiita, Paul J. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 877, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab1b2d	journal	June 2019
Electron Acceleration in Blazars: Application to the 3C 279 Flare on 2013 December 20 Lewis, Tiffany R.; Finke, Justin D.; Becker, Peter A. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 884, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab43c3	journal	October 2019
A Two-zone Model for Blazar Emission: Implications for TXS 0506+056 and the Neutrino Event IceCube-170922A Xue, Rui; Liu, Ruo-Yu; Petropoulou, Maria The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 886, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab4b44	journal	November 2019
Optical Polarimetric and Multiwavelength Flaring Activity of Blazar 3C 279 Fraija, N.; Benítez, E.; Hiriart, D. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 245, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ab3f28	journal	November 2019
New Hard-TeV Extreme Blazars Detected with the MAGIC Telescopes Acciari, V. A.; Ansoldi, S.; Antonelli, L. A. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 247, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ab5b98	journal	February 2020
Meeting the Challenge from Bright and Fast Gamma-Ray Flares of 3C 279 Vittorini, V.; Tavani, M.; Cavaliere, A. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 843, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aa767f	journal	July 2017
A two-zone model for blazar emission: implications for TXS 0506+056 and the neutrino event IceCube-170922A Xue, Rui; Liu, Ruo-Yu; Petropoulou, Maria Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg https://doi.org/10.3204/pubdb-2020-00252	text	January 2019
Constraints on the emission region of 3C 279 during strong flares in 2014 and 2015 through VHE γ -ray observations with H.E.S.S. Abdalla, H.; Adam, R.; Aharonian, F. Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg https://doi.org/10.3204/pubdb-2019-03104	text	January 2019
Minute-Timescale > 100 MeV $\gamma$-Ray Variability During the Giant Outburst of Quasar 3C 279 Observed by FERMI-LAT in 2015 June Ackermann, Markus; Anantua, R.; Asano, K. Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg https://doi.org/10.3204/pubdb-2016-06149	text	January 2016
Testing emission models on the extreme blazar 2WHSP J073326.7+515354 detected at very high energies with the MAGIC telescopes Acciari, V. A.; Ansoldi, S.; Antonelli, L. A. Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg https://doi.org/10.3204/pubdb-2019-04815	text	January 2019
New Hard-TeV Extreme Blazars Detected with the MAGIC Telescopes Acciari, V. A.; Ansoldi, S.; Antonelli, L. A. Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg https://doi.org/10.3204/pubdb-2020-01399	text	January 2020
Compton Dominance and the Blazar Sequence Finke, Justin arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1212.0869	text	January 2012
Constraining the Location of Gamma-Ray Flares in Luminous Blazars Nalewajko, Krzysztof; Begelman, Mitchell C.; Sikora, Marek arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1405.7694	text	January 2014
Resolving the High Energy Universe with Strong Gravitational Lensing: The Case of PKS 1830-211 Barnacka, Anna; Geller, Margaret J.; Dell'Antonio, Ian P. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1504.05210	text	January 2015
The Most Intensive Gamma-Ray Flare of Quasar 3C 279 with the Second-Order Fermi Acceleration Asano, Katsuaki; Hayashida, Masaaki arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1507.00514	text	January 2015
A Steady-State Spectral Model For Electron Acceleration And Cooling In Blazar Jets: Application To 3C 279 Lewis, Tiffany R.; Finke, Justin D.; Becker, Peter A. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1710.01334	text	January 2017
Multiwavelength Photometric and Spectropolarimetric Analysis of the FSRQ 3C 279 Patiño-Álvarez, V. M.; Fernandes, S.; Chavushyan, V. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1806.01693	text	January 2018
Multi-frequency variability study of Ton 599 during high activity of 2017 Prince, Raj arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1811.11256	text	January 2018
The extended flare in CTA 102 in 2016 and 2017 within a hadronic model through cloud ablation by the relativistic jet Zacharias, Michael; Böttcher, Markus; Jankowsky, Felix arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1811.12299	text	January 2018
Gamma Ray polarimetry; a new window for the non-thermal Universe Ilie, Cosmin arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1906.02824	text	January 2019
Constraints on the emission region of 3C 279 during strong flares in 2014 and 2015 through VHE gamma-ray observations with H.E.S.S Collaboration, H. E. S. S.; Abdalla, H.; Adam, R. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1906.04996	text	January 2019
Electron Acceleration In Blazars: Application to the 3C 279 Flare on 2013 December 20 Lewis, Tiffany R.; Becker, Peter A.; Finke, Justin D. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1909.04431	text	January 2019
Physical Inference from the gamma-ray, X-Ray and Optical Time Variability of a Large Sample of Fermi Blazars Majumder, Anwesh; Mitra, Kaustav; Chatterjee, Ritaban arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1909.05157	text	January 2019
Investigating the multiwavelength behaviour of the flat spectrum radio quasar CTA 102 during 2013-2017 D'Ammando, F.; Raiteri, C. M.; Villata, M. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1910.03609	text	January 2019
New hard-TeV extreme blazars detected with the MAGIC telescopes Collaboration, Magic; Acciari, V. A.; Ansoldi, S. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1911.06680	text	January 2019
Monitoring of the radio galaxy M87 during a low emission state from 2012 to 2015 with MAGIC Collaboration, Magic; Acciari, V. A.; Ansoldi, S. arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2001.01643	text	January 2020

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79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS
galaxies: active
galaxies: jets
gamma rays: galaxies
quasars: individual (3C 279)
radiation mechanisms: non-thermal
x-rays: galaxies

Title: The structure and emission model of the relativistic jet in the quasar 3C 279 inferred from radio to high-energy γ-ray observations in 2008-2010

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