A modeling study of irrigation effects on global surface water and groundwater resources under a changing climate

Leng, Guoyong; Huang, Maoyi; Tang, Qiuhong; Leung, L. Ruby

doi:10.1002/2015MS000437

Title: A modeling study of irrigation effects on global surface water and groundwater resources under a changing climate

Journal Article · Tue Aug 25 00:00:00 EDT 2015 · Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/2015MS000437· OSTI ID:1223159

Leng, Guoyong ^[1]; Huang, Maoyi ^[2]; Tang, Qiuhong ^[3]; Leung, L. Ruby ^[2]

Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland Washington USA, Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland Washington USA
Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

In this paper, the effects of irrigation on global surface water (SW) and groundwater (GW) resources are investigated by performing simulations using Community Land Model 4.0 (CLM4) at 0.5-degree resolution driven by downscaled/bias-corrected historical simulations and future projections from five General Circulation Models (GCMs) for 1950-2099. For each climate scenario, three sets of numerical experiments were configured: (1) a control experiment (CTRL) in which all crops are assumed to be rainfed; (2) an irrigation experiment (IRRIG) in which the irrigation module using only SW for irrigation is activated; and (3) a groundwater pumping experiment (PUMP) in which a groundwater pumping scheme coupled with the irrigation module is activated for conjunctive use of SW and GW for irrigation. The parameters associated with irrigation and groundwater pumping are calibrated based on a global inventory of census-based SW and GW use compiled by the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO). Our results suggest that irrigation could lead to two major opposing effects: SW depletion/GW accumulation in regions with irrigation primarily fed by SW, and SW accumulation/GW depletion in regions with irrigation fed primarily by GW. Furthermore, irrigation depending primarily on SW tends to have larger impacts on low-flow than high-flow conditions, suggesting the potential to increase vulnerability to drought. By the end of the 21st century (2070-2099), climate change significantly increases (relative to 1971-2000) irrigation water demand across the world. Combined with the increased temporal-spatial variability of water supply, this may lead to severe issues of local water scarcity for irrigation. Regionally, irrigation has the potential to aggravate/alleviate climate-induced changes of SW/GW although such effects are negligible when averaged globally. Our results emphasize the importance of accounting for irrigation effects and irrigation sources in regional climate change impact assessment.

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Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-76RLO1830; 41425002; 2012CB955403

OSTI ID:: 1223159

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1229961; OSTI ID: 1785817

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA-105104

Journal Information:: Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Journal Name: Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems Vol. 7 Journal Issue: 3; ISSN 1942-2466

Publisher:: American Geophysical Union (AGU)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Cited by: 79 works

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54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
irrigation
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surface water/groundwater
global
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Title: A modeling study of irrigation effects on global surface water and groundwater resources under a changing climate

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