Direct chemical oxidation: applications to hazardous waste treatment in demilitarization
Several applications of Direct Chemical Oxidation (DCO) relevant to the demilitarization of munitions are reported and evaluated here. The role of low levels of transition metal catalysts on rate of oxidation of organics by peroxydisulfate was investigated, because such materials are normally present in demilitarization wastes and could conceivably alter the rate or effectiveness of DCO. It was found that the presence of transition metal ions of Fe, Co, Cu, and Mn had little or no accelerating effect. Silver alone substantially increased oxidation rate, except where segregated as AgCl by free chloride. The destruction of trace explosives on metal substrates (mild steel, copper and brass) was found to be effective in basic media, where the peroxydisulfate prevented corrosion of the base metal (anodic chemical passivation) without impeding oxidation of the organic explosive. A method of detection of completeness of reaction (based on mass- spectroscopic detection of the intermediate oxidation product, formaldehyde) was proposed. Rate data on the destruction of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene by acidified ammonium peroxydisulfate is reported. Appended to the report is a comprehensive bibliography on DCO.
- Research Organization:
- Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE Office of Defense Programs (DP) (US)
- DOE Contract Number:
- W-7405-ENG-48
- OSTI ID:
- 12180
- Report Number(s):
- UCRL-ID-134365; YN0100000; YN0100000; TRN: AH200119%%369
- Resource Relation:
- Other Information: PBD: 1 May 1999
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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