Data classification, visualization, and enhancement using n-dimensional probability density functions (nPDF). AVIRIS, TIMS, TM, and geophysical applications
- Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States)
The n-Dimensional Probability Density Functions (nPDF) approach is a user-interactive image analysis technique which overcomes many of the inherent limitations of traditional classifiers. In this paper we illustrate the applications of nPDF analysis in three broad areas: data visualization, enhancement, and classification. For data visualization, nPDF provides a method for transforming multiple bands of data in a predictable and scene-independent way. These transformations may be designed so as to enhance a particular cover type, or to give the best visual representation of the multi-band image data. These approaches are illustrated with the enhancement of hydrothermally altered areas in Thematic Mapper (TM) data, and the display of a false-color composite of six bands of Thermal Infrared Multispectral Scanner (TIMS) imagery. Spectral frequency plots of the nPDF components give a multispectral view of data distribution that can be used to investigate the number and distribution of spectral classes in a high dimensional data set. In addition, these plots are used in a non-parametric classification of the image for discrimination of discrete classes, as well as for classes that are mixtures at the sub-pixel scale. In a mixed deciduous and coniferous forest, an nPDF Deciduous Forest Index shows a high correlation with percent deciduous vegetation determined from field surveys. A classification of TIMS imagery of Death Valley results in excellent discrimination of 13 discrete rock types. Classification of TM data, as well as classification of combined geophysical data, is used to illustrate the power and variety of complex applications.
- OSTI ID:
- 117700
- Journal Information:
- Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, Vol. 59, Issue 12; Other Information: PBD: Dec 1993
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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