Transparent Conducting Oxides for Photovoltaics: Manipulation of Fermi Level, Work Function and Energy Band Alignment

Journal Article · Tue Nov 02 00:00:00 EDT 2010 · Chemistry of Materials

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/ma3114892· OSTI ID:1065347

Klein, A.; Körber, C.; Wachau, A.; Säuberlich, F.; Gassenbauer, Y.; Harvey, S.P.; Proffit, Diana E.; Mason, Thomas O.

Doping limits, band gaps, work functions and energy band alignments of undoped and donor-doped transparent conducting oxides ZnO, In{sub 2}O{sub 3}, and SnO{sub 2} as accessed by X-ray and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS/UPS) are summarized and compared. The presented collection provides an extensive data set of technologically relevant electronic properties of photovoltaic transparent electrode materials and illustrates how these relate to the underlying defect chemistry, the dependence of surface dipoles on crystallographic orientation and/or surface termination, and Fermi level pinning.

• Research Organization: Energy Frontier Research Centers (EFRC) (United States). Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research Center (ANSER)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
• DOE Contract Number: SC0001059
• OSTI ID: 1065347
• Journal Information: Chemistry of Materials, Vol. 3; Related Information: ANSER partners with Northwestern University (lead); Argonne National Laboratory; University of Chicago; University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign; Yale University
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

14 SOLAR ENERGY
catalysis (homogeneous)
catalysis (heterogeneous)
solar (photovoltaic)
solar (fuels)
photosynthesis (natural and artificial)
bio-inspired
hydrogen and fuel cells
electrodes - solar
defects
charge transport
spin dynamics
membrane
materials and chemistry by design
optics
synthesis (novel materials)
synthesis (self-assembly)