Structural and Thermal Characterization of Zolpidem Hemitartrate Hemihydrate (Form E) and Its Decomposition Products by Laboratory X-Ray Powder Diffraction
The crystal structure of zolpidem hemitartrate hemihydrate (I, Form E) has been solved from high-resolution laboratory powder diffraction data. It crystallizes in the orthorhombic P2{sub 1}2{sub 1}2{sub 1} space group with a = 22.4664(6) {angstrom}, b = 26.0420(7) {angstrom}, and c = 7.4391(1) {angstrom}. Protonation of zolpidem molecules could not be unambiguously determined. Thermal stability of Form E has been investigated by TG-DTA and in situ by temperature resolved X-ray powder diffraction. Water loss occurs between 50 C {le} t {le} 100 C while structure decomposition commences at approximately 120 C yielding zolpidem tartrate (II) and pure zolpidem base (III) in approximately equimolar amounts. Crystal structures of II and III have been solved simultaneously from a single powder pattern of thermally decomposed I. Zolpidem tartrate crystallizes in the orthorhombic P2{sub 1}2{sub 1}2{sub 1} space group with a = 19.9278(8) {angstrom}, b = 15.1345(8) {angstrom}, and c = 7.6246(2) {angstrom} (at 140 C). Zolpidem base crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pcab space group with a = 9.9296(4) {angstrom}, b = 18.4412(9) {angstrom}, and c = 18.6807(9) {angstrom} (at 140 C). In the reported crystal structures zolpidem molecules form stacks through {pi}-{pi} interaction or dipole-dipole interactions while tartrate moieties, if present, form hydrogen bonded chains. Water molecule in I forms a hydrogen bond to the imidazole nitrogen atom of the zolpidem molecule. Free space in the crystal structure of I could allow for the additional water molecules and thus a variable water content.
- Research Organization:
- Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). National Synchrotron Light Source
- Sponsoring Organization:
- DOE - OFFICE OF SCIENCE
- DOE Contract Number:
- DE-AC02-98CH10886
- OSTI ID:
- 1019944
- Report Number(s):
- BNL-95790-2011-JA; JPMSAE; TRN: US201115%%580
- Journal Information:
- Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vol. 99, Issue 2; ISSN 0022-3549
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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